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References

The information that follows is intended to educate about nutrition research and is not a claim of the action for any product of Westlake Laboratories, Inc.

Melatonin

  1. Brzezinski, A, Melatonin in humans, New Engl. J. Med. 336:186-195(1997).
  2. Cardinali, DP, et al., Melatonin site and mechanism of action: single or multiple? J. Pineal Res. 23:32-39(1997).
  3. Liebmann, PM, et al., Melatonin and the immune system. Int. Arch. Allergy Immunol. 112:203-211(1997).
  4. Reiter, R, et al., Pharmacological actions of melatonin in oxygen radical pathophysiology, Life Sciences 60:2255-2271(1997).
  5. Reiter, RJ, et al., Melatonin in relation to cellular antioxidative defense mechanisms, Horm. Metab. Res. 29:363-372(1997).
  6. Van Coevorden, A, et al., Neuroendocrine rhythms and sleep in aging men, Am. J. Physiol. 260:E651-E661(1997).
  7. Weisburger, JH, Nutritional approach to cancer prevention with emphasis on vitamins, antioxidants, and carotenoids, Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 53:226S-237S(1991).

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Probiotic Bacteria

  1. Jiang, T, et al., In vitro lactose fermentation by colonic bacteria is modified by Lactobacillus acidophilus supplementation, J. Nutr. 127:1489-1495(1997).
  2. Jiang, T, et al., Modification of colonic fermentation by bifidobacteria and pH in vitro. Impact on lactose metabolism, short-chain fatty acid and lactate production, Dig. Dis. Sci. 42:2370-2377(1997).
  3. Lin, MY, et al., Influence of nonfermented dairy products containing bacterial starter cultures on lactose maldigestion in humans, J. Dairy Sci. 74:87-95(1991).

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Ubiquinone

  1. Ferrara, N, et al., Protective role of chronic ubiquinone administration on acute cardiac oxidative stress, J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 274:5858-865(1995).
  2. Kendler, BS, Recent nutritional approaches to the prevention and therapy of cardiovascular disease, Prog. Cardiovasc. Nurs. 12:3-23(1997).
  3. Sinatra, ST et al., Free radicals, oxidative stress, oxidized low density lipoprotein (LDL), and heart disease: antioxidants and other strategies to limit cardiovascular damage, Conn. Med. 59:579-588(1995).

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Phytonutrients

  1. Weisburger, JH, Nutritional approach to cancer prevention with emphasis on vitamins, antioxidants, and carotenoids, Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 53:226S-237S(1991).

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Glutathione

  1. Dean, RT, et al., Biochemistry and pathology of radical-mediated protein oxidation, Biochem. J. 324:1-18(1997).
  2. Holdiness, MR, Clinical pharmacokinetics of N-acetylcysteine, Clin. Pharmacokinet. 20:123-134(1991).
  3. Martinez-Cayuela, M, Oxygen free radicals and human disease, Biochimie 77:147-161(1995).
  4. Richie, JP, The role of glutathione in aging and cancer, Exp. Gerontol. 27:615-626(1992).
  5. Rouse, K, et al., Glutamine enhances selectivity of chemotherapy through changes in glutathione metabolism, Ann. Surg. 221:420-426(1995).
  6. Sardesai, VM, Role of antioxidants in health maintenance, Nutri. Clin. Pract. 10:19-25(1995).
  7. Weisburger, JH, Nutritional approach to cancer prevention with emphasis on vitamins, antioxidants, and carotenoids, Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 53:226S-237S(1991).

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Herbal preparations

  1. Todd, GP, Nutrition, health and disease, Whitford Press (West Chest, PA), 1985.
  2. Tierra, M, Planetary herbology, Lotus Press (Twin Lakes, WI), 1988.

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Vitamins and Minerals

  1. Diaz, MN, et al., Antioxidants and atherosclerotic heart disease, New Engl. J. Med. 337:408-416(1997).
  2. Holdiness, MR, Clinical pharmacokinetics of N-acetylcysteine, Clin. Pharmacokinet. 20:123-134(1991).
  3. Kendler, BS, Recent nutritional approaches to the prevention and therapy of cardiovascular disease, Prog. Cardiovasc. Nurs. 12:3-23(1997).
  4. Maxwell, SR et al., Free radicals and antioxidants in cardiovascular disease, Br. J. Clin. Pharmacol. 44:307-317(1997).
  5. Monget, AL, et al., Effect of 6 month supplementation with different combinations of an association of antioxidant nutrients on biochemical parameters and markers of the antioxidant defense system in the elderly, The Geiatrie/Min.Vit.AOX network, Eur. J. Clin. Nutr. 50:443-449(1996).
  6. Saintot, M, et al., Tumor progression and oxidant-antioxidant status, Carcinogenesis 17:1267-1271(1996).
  7. Sardesai, VM, Role of antioxidants in health maintenance, Nutri. Clin. Pract. 10:19-25(1995).
  8. Sinatra, ST et al., Free radicals, oxidative stress, oxidized low density lipoprotein (LDL), and heart disease: antioxidants and other strategies to limit cardiovascular damage, Conn. Med. 59:579-588(1995).
  9. Weisburger, JH, Nutritional approach to cancer prevention with emphasis on vitamins, antioxidants, and carotenoids, Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 53:226S-237S(1991).

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Coenzyme A

  1. Arsenio L, et al., Effectiveness of Long-term treatment with pantethine in patients with dyslipidemias, Clin. Ther. 8:537-545(1986).
  2. Binaghi, P, et al., Evaluation of the cholesterol-lowering effectiveness of pantethine in women in perimenopausal age, Min. Med. 81:475-479(1990).
  3. Donati, C, et al., Pantethine improves the lipid abnormalities of chronic hemodialysis patients: Results of a multicenter clinical trial, Clin. Nephrol. 25:70-74(1986).
  4. Gaddi, A, et al., Controlled evaluation of pantethine, a natural hypolipidemic compound, in patients with different forms of hyperlipoproteinemia, Atherosclerosis 50:73-83(1984).

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Phospholipids

  1. Cenacchi, B, et al., Cognitive decline in the elderly: a double-blind, placebo-controlled multi-center study on the efficacy of phosphatidylserine administration, Aging Clin. Exp. Res. 5:123-133(1993).
  2. Crook, TH, et al., Effects of phosphatidylserine in age-associated memory impairment, Neurology 41:644-649(1991).
  3. Crook, TH, et al., Effects of phosphatidylserine in Alzheimer’s disease, Psychopharm. Bull. 28:61-66(1992).

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Tocopherols

  1. Christen, S, et al., g -Tocopherol traps mutagenic electrophiles such as NOx and complements a -tocopherol: physiological implications, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 94:3217-3222(1997).
  2. De Rijk, MC, et al., Dietary antioxidants and Parkinson disease, Arch. Neurology 54:762-765(1997).
  3. Dean, RT, et al., Biochemistry and pathology of radical-mediated protein oxidation, Biochem. J. 324:1-18(1997).
  4. Diaz, MN, et al., Antioxidants and atherosclerotic heart disease, New Engl. J. Med. 337:408-416(1997).
  5. Hu, JJ, et al., Effects of dietary supplementation of alpha-tocopherol on glutathione and DNA repair activities, Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev. 5:263-270(1996).
  6. Kendler, BS, Recent nutritional approaches to the prevention and therapy of cardiovascular disease, Prog. Cardiovasc. Nurs. 12:3-23(1997).
  7. Luoma, PV, et al., High serum alpha-tocopherol, albumin, selenium and cholesterol, and low mortality from coronary heart disease in northern Finland, J. Intern. Med. 23749-54(1995).
  8. Martinez-Cayuela, M, Oxygen free radicals and human disease, Biochimie 77:147-161(1995).
  9. Maxwell, SR et al., Free radicals and antioxidants in cardiovascular disease, Br. J. Clin. Pharmacol. 44:307-317(1997).
  10. Meydani, SN, et al., Vitamin E supplementation and in vivo immune response in healthy elderly subjects, J. Amer. Med. Assoc. 277:1380-1386(1997).
  11. Miller, NJ, et al., Total antioxidant activity of low density lipoproteins and the relationship with a -tocopherol status, FEBS Letters 365:164-166(1995).
  12. Monget, AL, et al., Effect of 6 month supplementation with different combinations of an association of antioxidant nutrients on biochemical parameters and markers of the antioxidant defense system in the elderly, The Geiatrie/Min.Vit.AOX network, Eur. J. Clin. Nutr. 50:443-449(1996).
  13. Saintot, M, et al., Tumor progression and oxidant-antioxidant status, Carcinogenesis 17:1267-1271(1996).
  14. Sardesai, VM, Role of antioxidants in health maintenance, Nutri. Clin. Pract. 10:19-25(1995).
  15. Sinatra, ST et al., Free radicals, oxidative stress, oxidized low density lipoprotein (LDL), and heart disease: antioxidants and other strategies to limit cardiovascular damage, Conn. Med. 59:579-588(1995).
  16. Weisburger, JH, Nutritional approach to cancer prevention with emphasis on vitamins, antioxidants, and carotenoids, Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 53:226S-237S(1991).

 

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Carotenoids

  1. Diaz, MN, et al., Antioxidants and atherosclerotic heart disease, New Engl. J. Med. 337:408-416(1997).
  2. Keli, SO, et al., Dietary flavonoids, antioxidant Vitamins, and incidence of stroke. The Zutphen study, Arch. Int. Med. 156:630-636(1996).
  3. Khachik, F, et al., Lutein, lycopene and their oxidative metabolites in chemoprevention of cancer, J. Cell. Biochem. Suppl. 22:236-246(1995).
  4. Martinez-Cayuela, M, Oxygen free radicals and human disease, Biochimie 77:147-161(1995).
  5. Maxwell, SR et al., Free radicals and antioxidants in cardiovascular disease, Br. J. Clin. Pharmacol. 44:307-317(1997).
  6. Monget, AL, et al., Effect of 6 month supplementation with different combinations of an association of antioxidant nutrients on biochemical parameters and markers of the antioxidant defense system in the elderly, The Geiatrie/Min.Vit.AOX network, Eur. J. Clin. Nutr. 50:443-449(1996).
  7. Sardesai, VM, Role of antioxidants in health maintenance, Nutri. Clin. Pract. 10:19-25(1995).
  8. Sinatra, ST et al., Free radicals, oxidative stress, oxidized low density lipoprotein (LDL), and heart disease: antioxidants and other strategies to limit cardiovascular damage, Conn. Med. 59:579-588(1995).
  9. Weisburger, JH, Nutritional approach to cancer prevention with emphasis on vitamins, antioxidants, and carotenoids, Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 53:226S-237S(1991).

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Lipoic Acid

  1. Barbioli, B, et al., Lipoic (thioctic) acid increases brain energy availability and skeletal muscle performance as shown on vivo 31P-MRS in a patient with mitochondrial cytopathy, J. Neurology 242:472-477(1995).
  2. Biewenga, GP, et al., The pharmacology of the antioxidant lipoic acid, Gen. Pharmacol. 29:315-331(1997).
  3. Packer, L, et al., Neuroprotection by the metabolic antioxidant alpha-lipoic acid, Free Radic. Bio. Med. 22:359-378(1997).
  4. Peimian, OU, et al., Thioctic (lipoic) acid: A therapeutic metal chelating antioxidant? Biochem. Pharmacol. 50:123-126(1995).
  5. Ziegler, D, et al., Alpha-lipoic acid in the treatment of diabetic peripheral and cardiac autonomic neuropathy, Diabetes 46:S62-S66(1997).

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Nutritional Information

  1. Krezski, T, et al., Combined extracts of Urtica dioica and Pygeum africanum in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia: double-blind comparison of two doses, Clin. Therapeutics 15:1011-1020(1993).
  2. Weisburger, JH, Nutritional approach to cancer prevention with emphasis on vitamins, antioxidants, and carotenoids, Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 53:226S-237S(1991).

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